Bacteria are microscopic life-forms and are present (pretty much) everywhere. These microorganisms affect biotic and abiotic factors in their vicinity through their activities. Many bacteria present in soil are beneficial neighbors to the plants around them.
Atmospheric nitrogen is in a form that cannot be directly used by plants. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria help plants in this regard. They form a symbiotic relationship with certain plants and while the plant supplies them with carbon, they convert nitrogen to nitrates, a form plants can readily use. Nitrifying bacteria present in the soil convert ammonium ions to nitrates, thus increasing the soil's nitrate content. Denitrifying bacteria convert nitrate to nitrogen and thus prevent buildup of nitrates in the soil. Some other bacteria, such as actinomycetes, act as decomposers and return nutrients back to the soil. Enriched soil is much better for plant growth.
Thus, bacteria carry out important activities that are beneficial to the plants and the soil.
Hope this helps.
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