Inertia is the tendency or property of a body to resist any change in its state of motion. Thus, if the body is at rest, inertia will resist any attempt to move it. If the body is in motion, inertia will resist any attempt to stop or change the motion (acceleration or deceleration). Inertia is related to Newton's first law of motion, which states that a body will remain in its state of motion, until and unless an external force is applied on it. Thus, inertia is the property that allows an object to follow Newton's first law of motion.
Inertia of a body is related to its mass. That is, a more massive body will require more external force to enable a change in its state of motion as compared to a lighter body. One can check this by first trying to push a book off of a table and then trying to push a stack of books. We can easily observe that it requires more force to move the stack of books as compared to a single book.
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