Soil is a rich medium for life. There are numerous types of soils, all possessing different compositions and properties. Key components of soil are organic matter, inorganic particles, living organisms (microbes), and air (or pore spaces). The composition of soils consists of varying percentages of each of these "ingredients." The amount of each of these different components determines what properties the soil will have, and which types of plants will thrive there.
Every plant requires that certain nutrients are available in the soil in specific amounts. The quantity required is usually an ideal range of nutrients. It may be helpful to consider the nutrient needs of humans. For example, an average 150-pound person will do best drinking 75-150 ounces of water per day. If the person drinks less than 75 ounces or more than 150 ounces, their health may suffer. As long as the human obtains the amount of water within the range (75-150 oz.), his or her water needs as an organism will be met.
Similarly, every plant has its own optimal intake of water and other nutrients. Soil is the medium that provides water and nutrients to plants, and the soil properties determine which plants will grow there. Soils that lack specific nutrients or do not provide the required quantities of a particular nutrient will not be a suitable medium for some plants to grow. Different types of plants have different nutrient requirements, so a soil that is ideal for one plant may not be suitable for another.
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