Did Odysseus develop as a leader through his journey?

Not particularly. Odysseus seems like a pretty static character, meaning that he really doesn't change in any significant or fundamental way throughout the text. He is courageous and cares deeply about the men he leads at the beginning of his journey.  When the crew stops at Ismarus immediately following the end of the Trojan War, they sack the city and Odysseus shares the spoils with them.  He continues to care about them through the duration of their journey, and he sincerely mourns each one when they perish.  He gives good advice, even in the beginning, and he looks out for his crew members' best interests even when they are unable to look after it themselves (such as when they stop at the land of the Lotus-eaters).  To be sure, Odysseus does have his flaws, but they neither resolve nor increase as time passes.  In other words, he is much the same at the end as he was in the beginning.