What process makes the molecules that store the most energy?

The molecule that stores energy in living organisms is called adenosine triphosphate (ATP). When a water molecule is inserted between the last two phosphates in ATP, one of the phosphate groups is released forming adenosine diphosphate (ADP). When the bond between the phosphate groups is broken, energy is released. ADP can be recycled back to ATP with the addition of another phosphate group.

ATP is produced by the following processes:

• Glycolysis: Glucose is broken down into pyruvate, producing ATP.

• Cellular Respiration: Pyruvate reacts with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water. This process produces several molecules of ATP.

• Photosynthesis: Light energy is converted into ATP in the chloroplasts of plants.

• Fermentation: Pyruvate is converted into carbon dioxide and ethyl alcohol. This process also generates ATP molecules.