The electrons located in the outermost orbit of an atom are called valence electrons.
The family of elements that contain two valence electrons is called the Alkaline Earth Metal family. The Alkaline Earth Metal elements are located in column 2 of the periodic table. The elements in this family are: Beryllium (Be), Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), Strontium (Sr), Barium (Ba), and Radium (Ra).
The elements in column 1 of the periodic table are called the Alkali Metals. These elements have 1 valence electron.
The elements in column 13 of the periodic table have 3 valence electrons.
The elements in column 14 of the periodic table have 4 valence electrons.
The elements in column 15 of the periodic table have 5 valence electrons.
The elements in column 16 of the periodic table have 6 valence electrons.
The elements in column 17 of the periodic table are called the Halogens. These elements have 7 valence electrons.
The elements in column 18 of the periodic table are called the Noble Gases. These elements have 8 valence electrons, except for helium (He) which has 2 valence electrons.
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