Friday, April 6, 2012

`int (x^2 + 1)/(x^2 - 2x + 2)^2 dx` Evaluate the integral

`int(x^2+1)/(x^2-2x+2)^2dx`


Let's evaluate the above integral by rewriting the integrand as,


`int(x^2-2x+2+2x-1)/(x^2-2x+2)^2dx`


`=int(x^2-2x+2)/(x^2-2x+2)^2dx+int(2x-1)/(x^2-2x+2)^2dx`


`=int1/(x^2-2x+2)dx+int(2x-1)/(x^2-2x+2)^2dx`


Now again rewrite the second integral,


`=int1/(x^2-2x+2)dx+int((2x-2)+1)/(x^2-2x+2)^2dx`


`=int1/(x^2-2x+2)dx+int(2x-2)/(x^2-2x+2)^2dx+int1/(x^2-2x+2)^2dx`


Now let's evaluate the above three integrals,


`int1/(x^2-2x+2)dx=int1/((x-1)^2+1)dx`


Let's use the integral substitution,


Let u=x-1,


du=dx


`=int1/(1+u^2)du`


The above can be evaluated using the standard integral,


`int1/(x^2+a^2)dx=1/atan^(-1)(x/a)`


`=1/1tan^(-1)(u/1)`


`=tan^(-1)(u)`


Substitute back u=x-1,


`=tan^(-1)(x-1)`


Now let's evaluate the second integral by integral substitution,


`int(2x-2)/(x^2-2x+2)^2dx`


Let `v=(x^2-2x+2)`


`dv=(2x-2)dx`


`=int1/v^2dv`


`=v^(-2+1)/(-2+1)`


`=v^(-1)/-1`


`=-1/v`


Substitute back `v=(x^2-2x+2)`


`=-1/(x^2-2x+2)`


Noe let's evaluate the third integral,


`int1/(x^2-2x+2)^2dx`


`=int1/((x-1)^2+1)^2dx`


Let's use the integral substitution,


Let `tan(y)=x-1`


`sec^2(y)dy=dx`


`=int(sec^2(y)dy)/(tan^2(y)+1)^2`


Using the identity:`1+tan^2(y)=sec^2(y)`


`=int(sec^2(y))/(sec^2(y))^2dy`


`=int1/(sec^2(y))dy`


`=intcos^2(y)dy`


Now use the identity:`cos^2(y)=(1+cos(2y))/2`


`=int(1+cos(2y))/2dy`


`=int(1dy)/2+intcos(2y)/2dy`


` ` `=y/2+1/2sin(2y)/2`


`=y/2+sin(2y)/4`


Substitute back `y=tan^(-1)(x-1)`


`=1/2arctan(x-1)+1/4sin(2arctan(x-1))`


`=1/2arctan(x-1)+1/4{2sin(arctan(x-1))cos(arctan(x-1))}`


`=1/2arctan(x-1)+1/4{2*(x-1)/sqrt(x^2-2x+2)*1/sqrt(x^2-2x+2)}`


`=1/2arctan(x-1)+(1/2)(x-1)/(x^2-2x+2)`


`:.int(x^2+1)/(x^2-2x+2)^2dx=arctan(x-1)-1/(x^2-2x+2)+1/2arctan(x-1)+(x-1)/(2(x^2-2x+2))`


Add a constant C to the solution and simplify,


`=3/2arctan(x-1)+(-2+x-1)/(2(x^2-2x+2))+C`


`=3/2arctan(x-1)+(x-3)/(2(x^2-2x+2))+C`

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