Friday, September 11, 2009

`int tan(x) sec^3(x) dx` Evaluate the integral

`int tan(x) sec^3(x)dx`


To solve, apply u-substitution method.


Let the u be:


`u = sec(x)`


Then, differentiate it.


`du = tan(x) sec(x) dx`


To be able to plug-in this to the integral, re-write the integrand as:


`int tan(x) sec^3(x) dx = sec^2(x) * tan(x) sec(x) dx`


Then, express the integrand in terms of u. So it becomes:


`=int u^2 du`


To take the integral of this, apply the formula `int u^n du = u^(n+1)/(n+1)+C` .


`= u^3/3 + C`


And, substitute back u= sec(x).


`= (sec^3(x))/3+C`


Therefore,  `int tan(x) sec^3(x) dx = (sec^3(x))/3+C` .

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