The correct answer to this question is Brown v. Board of Education. The Supreme Court of the United States decided this case in 1954. In that case, the Court ruled that the system of “separate but equal” schools for white and non-white children was unconstitutional. This was the first major case to bring about desegregation in K-12 public education.
The other cases mentioned here are clearly not correct. Only one of them even has anything to do with segregation. The case that does have to do with segregation is Plessy. That case was decided in 1896 and it set up the system of separate but equal. In that case, the Court said that separate but equal accommodations for the different races were constitutional. This led to the system that Brown started to dismantle.
The other two cases have nothing to do with desegregation. The only Barnett v. Rice that I know of is about water rights. Roe v. Wade is the famous 1973 case in which the Court said that the Constitution protects women’s rights to get abortions.
From all this, we can see that the correct answer is clearly Brown v. Board of Education.
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