Wednesday, February 24, 2016

If a solution of Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) has a concentration of 2.1E-4M, calculate the concentration of its hydroxide ion. a. 4.2E-4M ...

Determine the concentration of `~H^+`


Sulfuric acid (`~H_2SO_4` ) is a strong acid and disassociates completely in water to form hydrogen and sulfate ions. The disassociation of sulfuric acid in water is shown below:


   `~H_2SO_4` -> `~2H^+` + `~SO_4^2^-`


Since 1 mole of `~H_2SO_4` disassociates into 2 moles of `~2H^+` , the concentration of hydrogen ions (`~H^+` ) is equal to twice the concentration of `~H_2SO_4` :


   2 x (2.1 x `~10^-^4` ) = 0.00042M `~H^+`


Choose a formula


We can use the following formula to calculate the [`~OH^-` ]:


   [`~H^+` ][`~OH^-` ] = 1.0 x `~10^-^14` M


1.0 x `~10^-^14`is the ionization constant for water (`~K_w` )


Rearrange the formula to isolate [`~OH^-` ] by dividing both sides by [`~H^+` ]:


   [`~OH^-` ] = 1.0 x `~10^-^14` /[`~H^+` ]


Solve for [`~OH^-` ] using [`~H^+` ]


  [`~OH^-` ] = 1.0 x `~10^-^14` /0.00042


               = 2.4 x `~10^-^11` M``


Therefore, the answer is c.


   

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