The reaction of permanganate with Fe2+ is an oxidation-reduction reaction, since permanganate is an oxidizing agent. Hence, Fe2+ will get oxidized, while the permanganate will get reduced.
The oxidation reaction can be written as:
`Fe^(2+) -> Fe^(3+) + e^-`
Here, Fe2+ oxidizes to Fe3+ and thus its oxidation number changes from +2 to +3.
The reduction reaction can be written as:
`MnO_4^(-) -> Mn^(2+)`
Here, the oxidation number of Mn changes from +7 to +2 and it gets reduced. The balanced chemical reaction for reduction can be written as:
`MnO_4^(-) + 8H^(+) + 5e^(-) -> Mn^(2+) + 4H_2O`
The overall chemical reaction can be written by combining the equations for oxidation and reduction (in such a way that the electrons balance out) as:
`5Fe^(2+) + MnO_4^(-) + 8H^(+) -> 5Fe^(3+) + Mn^(2+) + 4H_2O`
Hope this helps.
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