Why is it important for scientists to study the macroscopic properties of matter?

Macroscopic and microscopic properties of matter are related to each other. Macroscopic properties arise from microscopic properties. A property is microscopic if it deals with structure at the atomic level. An example of a microscopic property is the way sugar molecules interact with each other—the intermolecular forces of attraction present between molecules. A related macroscopic property is viscosity. Viscosity is a liquid's resistance to flowing. Honey is viscous because of how sugar molecules interact with each other. The main difference here is that we can easily observe macroscopic properties. 

Macroscopic properties are properties that arise from a collection of molecules and are the type of properties that we can actually observe.

It is important to study these properties because they are related to daily life. Viscosity is a far more significant property than intermolecular forces when cooking. In the same way, the volume and density of gases is something that needs to be understood in order to make balloons, but these macroscopic properties result from microscopic movement of gaseous atoms and molecules.

In brief, then, macroscopic properties are important because these are the properties humans actually apply to their daily lives. As a result, macroscopic properties are characterized because these are the ones that have immediate effects and applications to human life. It is just as important, however, to study microscopic properties, as microscopic properties are what give rise to macroscopic properties. Diseases are cured at the microscopic level. For instance, creating a drug for a protein necessitates the analysis of the protein structure and the atomic interaction between the drug and the target.

Find the values of z which cut off (a) the top 10% (b) the bottom 15% (c) the middle 50% of the standard Normal distribution.

In the standard normal distribution, the mean is 0 and the z scores represent how many standard deviations away from the mean a certain value is. The area underneath the curve of the normal distribution has a total value of 1, so the area underneath any part of the curve represents a proportion. This information can be used to find the z scores that correspond to certain parts of the standard normal distribution. Without knowing any other information, it will be easiest to use a z score table to find the correct z scores. One very important piece of information is that a z score table gives you the area under the curve to the left of the z score.

For the top 10%, you will be finding the z score that corresponds to an area of 0.9 under the curve. Use the z score table to find 0.9 in the body of the table, and use the left column and top row to find the z score. You will end up in between 1.28 and 1.29. In this case you can use the middle value so your answer will be a z score of 1.285. 

For the bottom 15%, use the table to find an area of 0.15. You should find a z score of -1.035.

For the middle 50%, remember that the mean of the standard normal distribution is 0 which falls right in the middle of the curve, so the z score is 0. You can use a table to verify this.

A z score table is included in the link below in the reference link.

How many moons does Venus have?

A moon is a natural satellite of a planet. Earth's natural satellite is called the Moon, while those of Jupiter have different names. Among all the planets of the solar system, Mercury and Venus do not have any natural satellites or moons. In comparison, Jupiter has 67 moons (including the confirmed and yet to be confirmed moons), Saturn has 62 moons and even Pluto (which is no longer a planet) has 5 moons. 

The reason for the lack of moons of Mercury and Venus is probably their distance to the Sun. These two planets are very close to the Sun and as such any object farther away from them (in a larger orbit) may be swallowed by the Sun's gravitational field, while anything close to the planet (in a smaller orbit) would be swallowed by the planet itself. Thus, these two planets do not have any moons. 

Hope this helps. 

Who are the round and flat characters in Lord of the Flies?

Round characters are well-developed characters that seem like real people; the author allows readers the opportunity to get to know these characters and sympathize with them. Flat characters, on the other hand, are less well developed and seem one-dimensional. They may be important to the story because of how they relate to other characters, but readers don't feel as if they know them to the degree they know the round characters.

In Lord of the Flies, Ralph, Jack, Piggy, and Simon are the round characters. Readers can see both positive and negative qualities in each of them. Ralph takes his leadership role seriously and sacrifices his own desires for the good of the others, yet he can still be mean to Piggy and gets caught up in the abuse of first Robert and then Simon. Jack has some magnanimous moments, especially near the beginning of the book, and Golding allows readers to feel some of the humiliation and rejection Jack feels, even though he is the main antagonist. Despite Piggy's intelligence and level-headedness, readers can understand how the other boys would find his frequent lectures to be irritating. Although Simon has deeper insights than the other boys, he suffers from shyness and isn't very persuasive or assertive.

Samneric, Roger, Maurice, the littluns, and the other boys are flat characters. Golding doesn't allow readers to enter very deeply into the thought processes of these characters. They behave consistently throughout the book--readers know what to expect of them. Samneric act and speak in tandem, and although they try to remain loyal to Ralph, they give in to Jack without much of a fight. Roger is the quintessential bully who only worsens as the book progresses. Maurice is a copycat and joker, but readers don't find out much else about him. The littluns are one-sided--so much so that many characters are lumped together under this designation.

Using flat and round characters, Golding allows readers to get to know a large group of boys, but most are known only at the surface level while a few are known more deeply. 

In "The Road Not Taken" by Robert Frost, what does the traveler do when faced with a fork in the road?

When the narrator comes to a fork in the road, the first thing he does is try to see down one of them as far as he can (line 4) up until it bends away into the forest (5).  Next, he inspects the other road (6), noting both that it is more grassy than the first (8) as well as that they seem to have been traveled about the same number of times (9-10).  He sees that both are covered in leaves that look equally fresh (11-12), and he makes the decision to take the second, grassier path (12).  However, even though he thought it might be interesting to come back and take the first path some day (13), he knows that it is unlikely that he'll ever be able to come back and try it because of the nature of choices: how one leads to the next and so on (14-15).

Finally, in the last stanza, he anticipates telling the story of his choice once he's become an old man (16-17).  After the colon at the end of line 17 is the story he's going to tell: that he once came to a fork in the road (18), he took the road less traveled (19), and that has made a big difference in the way his life turned out (20).  What's the problem?  That story will be a lie.  He's already said that one road was "just as fair" as the other (6), that they had been trodden the same number of times (9-10), and both that morning "equally lay" in fresh leaves (11-12).  He plans to make it sound as though he made a truly unique choice, a choice that not many people make, but this will be untrue because he's told us that the roads were walked on by equal number of feet.  Thus, his descriptions of the roads tells us that there really aren't unique choices; we can only choose the roads that have been taken before us.

How do the other workers on the ranch relate to Crooks?

Because Crooks is black, he is segregated from the other men. He is not allowed to live in the bunk house but instead lives alone in a lean-to shed by the barn, almost as if he is a farm animal, sleeping in straw. The other hands say he stinks, but he says they stink. He doesn't participate in the card games with the other employees because they won't let him and leads a lonely life. He notes that when he says something, his words are discounted because of his race. When Lennie and Candy show up in his room, he says it is very unusual for any hand to visit him there. By depicting Crooks's bitter isolation, while revealing him to be fully human, Steinbeck shows how racism and segregation hurt blacks.

Why was only one intern working in the emergency room? Why didn't the surgeon come? Why are these facts included?

To answer these questions, let's first focus on the relevant part of the story:

"Only Marin can’t explain why it mattered, the hours and hours, for somebody she didn’t even know. The hospital emergency room. Nobody but an intern working all alone. And maybe if the surgeon would’ve come, maybe if he hadn’t lost so much blood, if the surgeon had only come, they would know who to notify and where.

But what difference does it make? He wasn’t anything to her. He wasn’t her boyfriend or anything like that. Just another brazer who didn’t speak English. Just another wetback. You know the kind. The ones who always look ashamed."

So this is when Geraldo has been taken to the hospital after being the victim of a hit and run--meaning, someone had struck him with a car, then fled the scene of the crime.

Already Geraldo has been injured and abandoned, then, when in the hospital there are no extra staff members summoned when he arrives. And no one summons the surgeon, either.  There's only one intern working in the emergency room because it's late at night, probably, but more care providers were likely on call. They just weren't notified to come help keep Geraldo alive. The intern probably should have called the surgeon and didn't, seeing as the patient was someone without any identification and was probably an illegal alien.

The narrator includes these facts in the story to illustrate how Geraldo's status as an illegal immigrant means that people treat him as if he doesn't matter, as if he's not fully human. Look at how the narrator, echoing the thoughts of the police, refers to Geraldo as "just another brazer" and a "wetback," derogatory terms for illegal immigrants. And notice how the narration, too, refers to Geraldo not as an individual but as a "kind," simply belonging to a category of people.

Put another way, these details about how people fail to take care of Geraldo when he needs medical attention reveal the callous indifference and neglect that our society shows to people like Geraldo.