Thursday, November 5, 2015

In Maniac Magee by Jerry Spinelli, what new characters does Maniac meet in Chapter 34? What's their connection to Maniac's past?

The two characters that Maniac meets in Chapter 34 are Piper and Russell McNab.  Their connection to Maniac's past is that they are John McNab's little brothers.  


John McNab is the boy that tried to strike out Maniac earlier in the book.  Maniac, being awesome, hit every single pitch that John threw at him.  Maniac even managed to get a home run off of a bunted frogball.  



And that's how Jeffrey Magee knocked the world's first frogball for a four-bagger.



Piper and Russell McNab are quite the pair.  They are basically the complete opposite of Hester and Lester Beale.  Piper and Russell love to argue, they love to fight, and they love to break the rules.  They fancy themselves as a pair of rebellious bad boys.  



"We stold it!" Screecher blurted.


The other smacked him with his cap. "Shut up, Piper, you stupid sausage. You don't go telling people you stold stuff."



It's their affinity for rule breaking that brings them to Maniac in the first place.  They are running away to Mexico, and that is when Maniac meets them.  Of course they have no idea how to get to Mexico, and Maniac knows that.  The two young McNabs are quite gullible, and Maniac uses that knowledge to convince them that he is a pizza delivery guy.  Maniac also tells Piper and Russell that they have won some free pizza. Maniac then tells the two boys that he will show them a shortcut to Mexico, if they return to Two Mills with him. The young McNab boys agree, and Maniac takes them home only to find out that they are the siblings of John McNab. 



For the first time Giant John looked straight at Maniac. A smile crossed his face. "Well, well, the frog man." The smile vanished. "So what're you doing with my little brothers!"


Wednesday, November 4, 2015

How does Steinbeck present the character of Slim and his relationship with other characters in Of Mice and Men?

When George and Lennie first arrive at the ranch, they are told they will be on Silm’s team.  Slim is a “big tall skinner.”  They hear more about Slim’s reputation from Candy, as part of the explanation of why they should stay away from Curley’s wife.



"Nice fella. Slim don't need to wear no high-heeled boots on a grain team. I seen her give Slim the eye. Curley never seen it. An'I seen her give Carlson the eye." (Ch. 2) 



Therefore, by the time they meet Slim they have been told twice that he is tall, and once that he is a nice guy.  Despite all of the warnings about Curley’s wife, the men hear Slim talking to her easily. Slim’s character thus built up, he finally walks into the room. 


Slim is described as tall, of course, wearing a Stinson hat.  He is called “the prince of the ranch” because he runs the mule team, an important and difficult job.  We are told that “he moved with a majesty achieved only by royalty and master craftsmen.” 



There was a gravity in his manner and a quiet so profound that all talk stopped when he spoke. His authority was so great that his word was taken on any subject, be it politics or love. This was Slim, the jerkline skinner. His hatchet face was ageless. (Ch. 2) 



The reverential way Slim is described turns out to be fitting.  He is a nice guy.  He is impressed with the fact that George and Lennie travel around together.  Everything he does is done with dignity, but he is described as friendly. 


Slim has a bunch of puppies, which gets Lennie’s attention right away.  George tells him to ask for one.  Slim easily and graciously gives him one, and when George thanks him, he says, "It wasn't nothing," because he has too many anyway.

Tuesday, November 3, 2015

What is ironic about when Penelope tells her husband, "Do not rage at me, Odysseus. No one has ever matched your caution"?

Penelope says this to Odysseus just after he has revealed himself to her upon his return to Ithaca. She tests him in order to force him to prove that he really is her husband because she's grown quite wary over the long years he's been gone. So, she orders a servant to make up his bed for him outside of their bedchamber, and this sends Odysseus into a rage. He had made a very special bed in a tree that grew up through their home, made it with his own hands and by his own hard work. Thus, he immediately becomes enraged at the idea that Penelope has done something with their beautiful bed, and he describes it in great detail, confirming that he really is Odysseus. Therefore, when Penelope says that no one has ever matched Odysseus's caution, it is ironic because she has certainly proven herself to be as cautious as he. She explains that he shouldn't get angry with her because she's had to become so wise in order not to be fooled by the deceptions of suitors and other men while Odysseus has been away.

Why did Macduff fight with Macbeth and do you think Macbeth behaved bravely at the moment of his death?

In his final battle with MacDuff, Macbeth fights recklessly at first, but ends with giving in to defeat, seeing that his destiny after all is to be vanquished and killed. In the second prophecy of the witches, Macbeth is told that he will not fall until Great Birnam Wood comes to Dunsinane Hill. This happens as MacDuff’s troops hide behind cut-off branches, making it appear that the woods are marching to war. The witches also prophesied that Macbeth could not be killed by anyone who was born of woman. Macbeth takes this to believe that his death in battle will be impossible, since all human beings are born of woman. He tells this prophecy to MacDuff during their fighting, but MacDuff replies that he was born by Caesarean section (“from his mother’s womb/Untimely ripped” Act 5 Scene 8). At this point, Macbeth realizes that he has misinterpreted the prophecies (or else been tricked by the witches into misinterpretation). He loses heart and is soon killed by MacDuff. Bravery thus is not a trait that he exhibits at this point, but rather foolhardiness and arrogance, believing that he is undefeatable.

Monday, November 2, 2015

In Great Expectations by Charles Dickens, what is Pip’s first reaction to his strange visitor? What is his horrible realization? Why has the man...

Pip's visitor arrives in Chapter XXXIX. At first Pip does not recognize him but only sees that he is a rough-looking elderly man whose poor English marks him as a member of the lowest class of society. Pip feels apprehensive when he realizes that this is the same man he helped many years ago when the man was a convict who had escaped from a prison ship and was hiding on the marshes. Pip naturally assumes that the man has come there to thank him. He is anxious to get rid of this unwelcome visitor but feels obliged to offer him a drink because he is soaked from being out on such a stormy night. Then the visitor asks him several questions which lead Pip to the horrible realization that it is his visitor and not Miss Havisham who has been providing for him for all these years. Pip is not only revolted to realize that he owes everything to this criminal, but he is utterly disillusioned and desolated to realize that all his ideas about Miss Havisham being his unknown benefactress were totally wrong. He had thought she wanted to make him into a gentleman so that he could marry Estella. 



The visitor, whose name turns out to be Abel Magwitch, had returned to England for the sole purpose of meeting the gentleman he has created with the fortune he made in Australia raising sheep and speculating in various investments. It becomes more and more apparent that Magwitch wants a permanent relationship with Pip, like a loving father with an equally loving son. Pip hides his feelings from Magwitch but confesses them to the reader.




The abhorrence in which I held the man, the dread I had of him, the repugnance with which I shrank from him, could not have been exceeded if he had been some terrible beast.




It seems pathetic and ironic that Magwitch has such affection for Pip and Pip feels such loathing for Magwitch. The "abhorrence" and "repugnance" Pip expresses in the above quote are those that he continues to feel at the end of the chapter. He puts Magwitch in Herbert's room for the night and locks the bedroom door from the outside, because in addition to his other feelings about his guest, Pip is afraid the man might decide to murder him in his sleep.



Pip does not get much sleep that night. He is tormented by all kinds of thoughts and feelings. He is desolated at the realization that his hopes of marrying Estella and living a life of leisure and happiness on Miss Havisham's money have been destroyed. He is just beginning to understand that his future as a London gentleman is dependent on the money he gets from a man who wants to be his second father. If he rejects Magwitch, he naturally loses his entire income. He would become destitute overnight--and worse than destitute because he has incurred a lot of debts and could be sent to debtor's prison if he defaulted. He has been turned into Magwitch's idea of a "gentleman." He is a useless fop, like most London gentlemen. He has no training for any kind of trade or profession by which he could support himself. He has nothing but good clothes, refined manners, and cultivated tastes. He may remain entirely dependent upon the man who, in a sense, "created" him and feels entitled to become his permanent companion and "second father."



Pip also feels responsible to Magwitch because the elderly man tells him that he is sure to be hanged if captured for the crime of returning to England after having been transported to Australia.




Nothing was needed but this; the wretched man, after loading wretched me with his wretched gold and silver chains for years, had risked his life to come to me, and I held it there in my keeping! If I had loved him instead of abhorring him; if I had been attracted to him by the strongest admiration and affection, instead of shrinking from him with the strongest repugnance; it could have been no worse. 


Sunday, November 1, 2015

What is the function of vacuoles?

A vacuole is an organelle commonly present in plant cells, and also in animal cells, but in a much smaller size. This organelle is bound by a membrane, known as tonoplast in the case of plant cells. Vacuoles differ between plant and animal cells. A plant cell may contain one very large central vacuole, while an animal cell may contain a number of smaller vacuoles. The main purpose of a vacuole in animal cells is the storage of unwanted and potentially harmful materials to the cell. It has another important role in the case of plant cells. The central vacuole, which may take up to 80-90% of the plant cell volume, helps maintain the turgor pressure of the cell and hence allow it to maintain its integrity. The vacuole may also store nutrients, minerals, chemicals that may impart specific characteristics (color to flowers or bad taste to insects thus protecting the plant, etc.), among others.


Hope this helps.  

Identify the features that are lost and the features that are gained during metamorphosis in frogs.

Frogs are terrestrial animals but lay their eggs in the water and so are amphibians. The frog eggs will hatch in the water and a tadpole will be released. Tadpoles spend their life in the water until they turn into a frog and so need to have features adapted for living in an aquatic environment. Tadpoles are born with a tail for swimming. The tadpole is able to get the nutrients it needs from the food stored inside of the tail. They also have external gills for breathing. Since they live in the water they need to have gills to filter out the oxygen. As the tadpole grows the legs begin to form. Hind legs appear first and then front legs will appear. Around the same time the front legs appear the tail starts to shorten. The adult frog losses the external gills and replaces them with lungs for being able to breath on land.

What are hearing tests?

Indications and Procedures Hearing tests are done to establish the presence, type, and sever...